Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
In this module, we shall learn about the six divisions of Indian Physiography i.e, The Northern and North-eastern Mountains, The Northern Plain, The Peninsular Plateau, The Indian Desert, The Coastal Plains, and The Islands.
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download Link is provided at the end of this post.
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
India- Evolution
- As per the estimation, the earth is approximately 460 million years old.
- The endogenic and exogenic forces played a significant role in giving shape to various surface and subsurface features of the earth.
- The theory of Plate Tectonics defines the formation of physical aspects of the earth.
- Initially, all continents were united (there was one landmass), and known as or Super Continent (as shown in the image given beside).
- The northern part of the ancient supercontinent Pangea was named as ‘Angara Land’ or Laurasia and the southern part was named as ‘Gondwana Land.’
- The Gondwana Land includes India, Australia, South Africa, South America, and Antarctica.
India -Structure
- Based on geological history, India is divided into three regions. The regions are:
- The Peninsular Block;
- The Himalayas & other Peninsular Mountains; and
- Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain.
- The Peninsular Block is formed essentially by a great complex of very ancient gneisses and granites.
- The Peninsular Block mostly consists of relicts and residual mountains like the Aravali hills, the Nallamala hills, the Javadi hills, the Veliconda hills, the Palkonda range, the Mahendragiri hills, etc.
- Unlike the rigid and stable Peninsular Block, the Himalayan Mountains are young, weak, and flexible in their geological structure.
- Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain comprises the plains formed by the river Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra.
- In fact, Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain is a geo-synclinal depression, which attained its maximum development during the third phase of the Himalayan mountain formation, approximately about 64 million years ago.
Physiographical Divisions of India
India’s physiography is divided into six following regions:
- The Northern and North-eastern Mountains
- The Northern Plain
- The Peninsular Plateau
- The Indian Desert
- The Coastal Plains
- The Islands
The Northern and North-eastern Mountains
- The Northern and the North-eastern Mountains consist of the Himalayas and the North-eastern hills.
- The Himalayan Ranges include the Greater Himalaya, Lesser/Middle Himalaya, and the Siwalik Range.
- Based on relief, alignment of ranges, and other geomorphological features, the Himalayas can be divided into the following sub-divisions:
- Kashmir or North-western Himalayas
- Himachal and Uttaranchal Himalayas
- Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas
- Arunachal Himalayas
- Eastern Hills and Mountains.
Kashmir or North-western Himalayas or The Trans Himalaya
- Himalayan Ranges immediately to the north of the Great Himalayan Range are called the Trans Himalayas.
- Most of the part of this Himalayan range lies in Tibet and hence also called Tibetan Himalaya.
- Kashmir or North-western Himalayas consist of a series of ranges such as the Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, and Pir Panjal.
- Important glaciers of South Asia, i.e., the Baltoro and Siachen are found in the North-western Himalayan region.
- The Kashmir Himalayas are also popular for the Karewa formations, which are useful for the cultivation of Zafran, a local variety of saffron.
- Karewas are the thick deposits of glacial clay and other materials embedded with moraines.
- Important passes of the North-western Himalayas are Zoji La on the Great Himalayas, Banihal on the Pir Panjal, and Khardung La on the Ladakh range.
- Important fresh lakes are Dal and Wular and saltwater lakes are Pangong Tso and Tso Moriri.
- The southernmost part of the North-western Himalayas consists of longitudinal valleys locally known as duns.
Greater or Inner Himalayas / Himadri
- A most continuous range consisting of the loftiest peaks with an average height of 6,000 meters
- Contains all the prominent Himalayan peaks with the core of this part of Himalayas is composed of granite
- Perennially snowbound, and a number of glaciers descend from this range
- Prominent Ranges include Mt. Everest, Kamet, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat, Annapurna
Himachal and Uttaranchal Himalayas or the Lesser Himalaya
- The Himachal and Uttarakhand Himalayas are located approximately between the rivers Ravi in the west and the Kali (a tributary of Ghaghara) in the east.
Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas
- The Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas are flanked by the Nepal Himalayas in the west and the Bhutan Himalayas in the east.
Arunachal Himalayas
- The Arunachal Himalayas extend from the east of the Bhutan Himalayas up to the Diphu pass in the east.
- Some of the prominent tribes of Arunachal Himalayas from west to east are the Monpa, Abor, Mishmi, Nyishi, and the Nagas.
Eastern Hills and Mountains
- Located in northeast India, the Eastern Hills i.e. parts of the Himalayan Mountains are known by different local names.
- They are known as Patkai Bum, Naga hills, the Manipur hills in the North, and Mizo or Lushai hills in the South.
Himalayan Regions from East to West
Classification of Himalaya on the basis of Geographical location
| Punjab Himalayas |
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| Kumaon Himalayas |
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| Nepal Himalayas |
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| Assam Himalayas |
|
The Northern Plain
- The Great Plains of India consists largely of alluvial deposits brought down by the rivers originating in the Himalayan and the peninsular region.
- They are mainly formed by the alluvial deposits of the Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra, and their tributaries.
- Northern plains are divided into four main divisions-
- The Bhabar: The Bhabar belt is adjacent to the foothills of the Himalayas and consists of boulders and pebbles which have been carried down by streams. As the porosity of this belt is very high, the streams flow underground.
- The Tarai: The Tarai belt lies south of the adjacent Bhabar region and is composed of newer alluvium. The underground streams reappear in this region.
- The Bhangar: The Bhangar belt consists of older alluvium and forms the alluvial terrace of the flood plains.
- The Khadar: It is made up of fresh newer alluvium which is deposited by the rivers flowing down the plain.
Peninsular Plateau
- The peninsular plateau is triangular in shape & surrounded by hills, composed of the oldest rocks as it was formed from the drifted part of the Gondwana land,
- Broad & shallow valleys and rounded hills are the characteristic features of this plateau.
- The Peninsular Block is made up of a series of portland plateaus such as the Hazaribagh plateau, the Palamu plateau, the Ranchi plateau, the Malwa plateau, the Coimbatore plateau, and the Karnataka plateau.
- The Peninsular plateau can be further divided into three broad groups.
- The Deccan Plateau,
- The Central Highlands, and
- The North-eastern Plateau.
- The Western Ghats is known by different local names. They are known as Sahyadri in Maharashtra; Nilgiri hills in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu; and Anaimalai hills, and Cardamom hills in Kerala.
- Located on the Anaimalai Hills of the Western Ghats Anaimudi (2,695 m) is the highest peak of the Peninsular plateau, followed by Dodabetta (2,637 m) on the Nilgiri hills.
- Thal, Bhor, and the Pal Ghats are the important passes of the Western Ghats.
- The Eastern Ghats stretch from the Mahanadi Valley in the north to the Nilgiris in the south.
- The Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and irregular and dissected by many rivers draining into the Bay of Bengal.
- Mahendragiri (1,501 meters) is the highest peak of the Eastern Ghats.
- The most distinct feature of the peninsular plateau is the black soil area known as Deccan Trap.
- Formed by a series of scarped plateaus on the south, the Satpura range is part of the Central Highlands.
- The general elevation of the Central Highlands ranges between 700 and 1,000 m above the mean sea level.
- Rajmahal hills and the Meghalaya plateau are part of the North-eastern Plateau.
- The Meghalaya plateau is further sub-divided as the Garo Hills; the Khasi Hills; and the Jaintia Hills.
- Meghalaya plateau is rich in mineral resources. The most significant of these resources are coal, iron ore, sillimanite, limestone, and uranium.
Indian Desert
- The Indian desert lies towards the western margins of the Aravalli Hills, also known as the Thar Desert.
- The Thar Desert is the 9th largest desert in the world.
- This region gets scanty rainfall which is less than 150 mm in a year. Hence, the climate is arid and vegetation is scanty.
- Luni is the only prominent river but some streams appear during the rainy season.
Coastal Plains
- The Indian coastal plains are divided into the western coastal plains and the eastern coastal plains.
- The western coastal plains are an example of a submerged coastal plain.
- The western coast may be divided into the following divisions –
- the Kachchhand Kathiawar coast in Gujarat;
- Konkan coast in Maharashtra;
- Goancoast in Karnataka, and
- the Malabar coast in Kerala respectively.
- The Malabar Coast has certain distinctive features such as Kayals(backwaters), which are used for fishing, inland navigation, and these backwaters hold a special attraction for the tourists.
- In comparison to the western coastal plains, the eastern coastal plain is broader and is an example of an Emergent
- The Eastern Coast is named the Northern Circar (in the north part i.e. part of West Bengal, Odisha, etc.).
- The southern part is known as the Coromandel Coast(part of Southern Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu).
- The eastern coastal plain is known as the Northern Circars in the region between Krishna and Mahanadi rivers (West Bengal, Odisha, etc.) and as the Coromandel Coast in the southern part between Krishna and Kaveri rivers (Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu).
Islands
- There are two major island groups in India, i.e., one in the Bay of Bengal (Andaman and Nicobar) and the other in the Arabian Sea (Lakshadweep).
- The Bay of Bengal island group consists of about 572 islands/islets.
- The two principal groups of islets include Ritchie’s archipelago and the Labyrinth Islands.
- However, the entire group of islands is divided into two broad categories − the Andaman in the north and the Nicobar in the south and they are separated by Ten Degree Channel.
- Situated in the Nicobar Islands, Barren Island is the only active volcano in India.
- Located on the North Andaman, Saddle peak(738 m) is the highest peak of the region.
- Lakshadweep and Minicoy are the islands of the Arabian Sea.
- The entire island group of Lakshadweep is built of coral deposits.
- There are approximately 36 islands, among which, 11 are inhabited.
- The entire group of islands is broadly divided by the Eleventh-degree channel. Amini Island lies to the north and Cannanore Island lies to the south of the channel.
Multiple Choice Questions on Physiographical Divisions of India
- Which point of India is called Pygmalion Point?
(A) Northern
(B) Eastern
(C) Western
(D) Southern
- Which part of the India-China boundary is called the Mc Mahon Line?
(A) Northern
(B) Eastern
(C) Western
(D) Southern
- When was the boundary between Pakistan and Bangladesh finalized?
(A) 1947
(B) 1971
(C) 1948
(D) 1937
- Which is the country that has given its name to an ocean?
(A) Iceland
(B) India
(C) Indonesia
(D) Ireland
- Which countries have a common border with India to the north-west?
(A) Afghanistan and Pakistan
(B) China and Nepal
(C) Burma
(D) Bangladesh
- Which is the nearest Indian neighbor across the seas?
(A) Afghanistan
(B) Bangladesh
(C) China
(D) Sri Lanka
- Which is the land of the sacred Kailas?
(A) China
(B) Arunachal Pradesh
(C) Tibet
(D) Meghalaya
- Which is the only large level strip of land in the Himalayas?
(A) Kashmir Valley
(B) Suru Valley
(C) Sind Valley
(D) Betaab Valley
- Which range forms the southern part of the sub-Himalayan Zone?
(A) Karakoram Range
(B) Zanskar Range
(C) Mahabharat Range
(D) Siwalik Range
- Towards where does the westward slope of the Punjab-Haryana Plains go?
(A) Beas
(B) Chenab
(C) Indus
(D) Jhelum
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which is the largest physiographic division of India?
(A) The Northern Mountains
(B) The Great Plains
(C) The Peninsular Plateau
(D) The Islands
- Which river bounds Bundelkhand Uplands in the north?
(A) Ganga
(B) Yamuna
(C) Chambal
(D) Ramganga
- Which river borders Meghalaya-Mikir Uplands in the east?
(A) Doyang
(B) Dikhu
(C) Dhansiri
(D) Tizu
- Where is Shillong peak situated?
(A) Arunachal Pradesh
(B) Assam
(C) Manipur
(D) Meghalaya
- Which basin is also called Chhattisgarh Plain?
(A) Mahanadi
(B) Godavari
(C) Krishna
(D) Cauvery
- Which one of the following forms the real watershed of the Peninsula?
(A) Anamudi
(B) Pushpagiri
(C) Perumal Peak
(D) Western Ghats
- Which is the highest mountain in the Nilgiri Hills?
(A) Anamudi
(B) Chembra Peak
(C) Dolphin’s Nose
(D) Doddabetta
- The Eastern Ghats form the eastern boundary of which region?
(A) Bhander Plateau
(B) Chota Nagpur Plateau
(C) Deccan Plateau
(D) Kaas Plateau
- Which one of the following passes through the middle of the country?
(A) The Equator
(B) The Tropic of Cancer
(C) The Tropic of Capricorn
(D) Prime Meridian
- Which is the coldest place in India?
(A) Drass
(B) Hemkund
(C) Kufri
(D) Lachen
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which Indian state is connected to Sri Lanka by the Palk Strait
(A) Tamil Nadu
(B) Kerala
(C) Karnataka
(D) Andhra Pradesh
- Which state shares its international border with Bangladesh and Myanmar
(A) Assam
(B) Meghalaya
(C) Tripura
(D) Mizoram
- Which mountain range separates the Indo-Gangetic plain from the Deccan Plateau
(A) The Aravalli
(B) The Vindhyas
(C) The Satpura
(D) The Sahyadri
- Chilika Lake is located in
(A) West Bengal
(B) Odisha
(C) Kerala
(D) Tamil Nadu
- The place of India which does not have tropical evergreen forest is
(A) Eastern part of Western Ghats
(B) Western part of Western Ghats
(C) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
(D) Eastern part of subtropical Himalayas
- India’s only active volcano is located on which island
(A) Elephanta Island
(B) Havelock Island
(C) Barren Island
(D) Car Nicobar
- The outer range of which mountain is known as Sivalik
(A) Himalayas
(B) Nilgiri
(C) Aravalli
(D) Patkai
- Which of the following river does not originate in Indian territory
(A) Mahanadi
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Ganga
(D) Satluj
- Approximately how much percentage of tropical cyclones of the World affects the Indian coast
(A) 5 %
(B) 10 %
(C) 15 %
(D) 18 %
- The Northern Plains of India are separated from the Peninsular region by
(A) Vindhya Mountains
(B) Aravali Mountains
(C) Satpura Mountains
(D) Sahyadri Mountains
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Old Alluvial soil is known as
(A) Bhangar
(B) Khaddar
(C) Regur
(D) Terai
- The Lakshadweep archipelago is formed on
(A) Andesite rocks
(B) Atoll
(C) Igneous rocks
(D) Metamorphic rocks
- Ravines are mostly found in India in the
(A) Periphery of Gangetic plains
(B) Narmada Valley
(C) Periphery of Thar desert
(D) Shivaliks
- Out of the following, which region has the lowest altitude
(A) Rann of Kutch
(B) Sunderbans
(C) Kuttanad
(D) Dhanushkodi
- Which of the following are the youngest mountains?
(A) Western Ghats
(B) Himalayas
(C) Eastern Ghats
(D) Vindhyas
- India is located on which part of the Indo-Australian Plate?
(A) Northern
(B) Sothern
(C) Eastern
(D) Western
- Which one is the lowest point in India
(A) Lonar crater lake
(B) Chilika Lake
(C) Kuttanad
(D) Wular lake
- Patkai mountain range is located in which part of India
(A) Eastern
(B) Southern
(C) Northern
(D) Western
- India is divided into how many seismic zones according to the earthquake zoning map
(A) 3
(B) 4
(C) 5
(D) 7
- Which one is the longest beach in India
(A) Varkala Beach[/su_spoiler]
(B) Cavelossim Beach
(C) Agonda Beach
(D) Marina Beach
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which one is the largest state area-wise in India
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Gujrat
(C) Madhya Pradesh
(D) Andhra Pradesh
- Except for Assam, the river Brahmaputra pass through which state in India
(A) Manipur
(B) West Bengal
(C) Arunachal Pradesh
(D) Tripura
- How many types of soil found in India
(A) 4
(B) 6
(C) 8
(D) 9
- Which is the only Indian state that shares its boundary with Sikkim
(A) Assam
(B) Bihar
(C) Arunachal Pradesh
(D) West Bengal
- Chenab is a tributary river of which one
(A) Ganga
(B) Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Kaveri River
- What is the rank of India in the World in Coal production?
(A) 1st
(B) 2nd
(C) 3rd
(D) 4th
- In which town, the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi rivers combine to form Ganga River
(A) Devprayag
(B) Haridwar
(C) Rishikesh
(D) Rudraprayag
- Which types of soil is found mostly in India
(A) Red Soil
(B) Black Soil
(C) Laterite Soils
(D) Alluvial Soil
- Which one is not a tributary river of Ganga
(A) Gomti
(B) Koshi
(C) Mahanadi
(D) Son
- Which one is the longest river in India that flows entirely within India
(A) Ganga
(B) Godavari
(C) Narmada
(D) Brahmaputra
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which state is the western end of the Vindhya Range
(A) Rajasthan
(B) Punjab
(C) Maharastra
(D) Gujrat
- Khasi hills located in which state
(A) Nagaland
(B) Manipur
(C) Tripura
(D) Meghalaya
- Kaziranga National Park is located in which state?
(A) Odisha
(B) Assam
(C) Sikkim
(D) West Bengal
- Which country shares the longest border with India?
(A) China
(B) Pakistan
(C) Bangladesh
(D) Myanmar
- Which of the following longitudes determines the Indian Standard Time
(A) 82.5 degree E
(B) 84.2 degree E
(C) 86.5 degree E
(D) 87.5 degree E
- Which river has the second largest river basin beside Ganga
(A) the Brahmaputra
(B) Godavari
(C) Indus
(D) Narmada
- India’s highest waterfall Jog falls located in
(A) Maharastra
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Himachal Pradesh
(D) Karnataka
- Adam bridge is located between India and
(A) Nepal
(B) China
(C) Sri Lanka
(D) Myanmar
- India’s largest river island Majuli is located in the River
(A) Ganga
(B) the Brahmaputra
(C) Indus
(D) Kaveri
- How many countries share their border with India?
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 6
(D) 8
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which Indian state shares the longest international border?
(A) Jammu and Kashmir
(B) Mizoram
(C) West Bengal
(D) Rajasthan
- The largest Buddhist monastery in India found in the city
(A) Dharamsala
(B) Sarnath
(C) Tawang
(D) Kochi
- Which state has the longest coastline in India
(A) Tamil Nadu
(B) Andhra Pradesh
(C) Goa
(D) Gujrat
- Which state is the largest producer of bauxite in India
(A) Andhra Pradesh
(B) Goa
(C) Bihar
(D) Odisha
- Imphal is the capital city of which state
(A) Nagaland
(B) Manipur
(C) Mizoram
(D) Arunachal Pradesh
- Geologically, which of the following physiographic divisions of India is supposed to be one of the most stable land
blocks?
(a) The Himalayas
(b) The Northern Plains
(c) The Peninsular Plateau
(d) The Indian Desert
- From the point of view of geology, which of the following physiographic divisions of India is considered to be an
unstable zone?
(a) The Himalayan Mountains
(b) The Peninsular Plateau
(c) The Indian Desert
(d) The Islands
- Which of the following are young-fold Mountains?
(a) The Aravalis
(b) The Nilgiris
(c) The Himalayas
(d) The Sahyadri
- Which of the following physical features forms a natural barrier to the north of India?
(a) the Kunlun Mountains
(b) Plateau of Tibet
(c) River Brahmaputra
(d) The Himalayas
- The Himalayas consist of three parallel ranges in its longitudinal extent. Which of the following is the name of the northern-most range?
(a) The Himadri
(b) The Himachal
(c) The Shivaliks
(d) The Purvanchal
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which part of the Himalayas is perennially snowbound?
(a) Great Himalayas or Himadri
(b) Lesser Himalayas or Himachal
(c) Shivaliks
(d) Purvanchal
- Which of the following is not a mountain pass in the Great Himalayas?
(a) Bara Lapcha La and Shipkila
(b) Nathula
(c) Khyber pass
(d) Jojila and Lipu Lekh
- Which of the following ranges are not part of the Lesser Himalayas or Himachal?
(a) Pir Panjal
(b) Dhaula Dhar
(c) Mahabharat
(d) Kamet
- In which division of the Himalayas are the famous valleys of Kashmir, Kangra, and Kullu located?
(a) The Himadri
(b) The Himachal
(c) The Shivaliks
(d) The Duns
- Which of the following ranges of the Himalayas are composed of unconsolidated sediments brought down by
rivers?
(a) The Pir Panjal range
(b) The Karakoram range
(c) The Shivaliks
(d) The Ladakh range
- The longitudinal valleys lying between lesser Himalayas and Shivaliks are known as.
(a) Kangra Valley
(b) Patkai Bum
(c) Passes
(d) Duns
- From west to east, the divisions of the Himalayas are demarcated by river valleys. The part of the Himalayas lying
between the Satluj and Kali rivers is known as-
(a) Punjab Himalayas
(b) Kumaon Himalayas
(c) Nepal Himalayas
(d) Assam Himalayas
- Which islands of India are called Coral Islands?
(a) Lakshadweep
(b) Andaman and Nikobar
(c) both
(d) None of these
- A narrow gap in a mountain range providing access to the other side is :
(a) Mound
(b) Pass
(c) Strait
(d) Valley
- The wet and swampy belt of the Northern Region is known locally as :
(a) Bhabar
(b) Terai
(c) Doab
(d) Bhangar
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which of the following has reduced India’s distance from Europe by 7000 km?
(a) Suez Canal
(b) Erie Canal
(c) Indira Union Canal
(d) Suzhou Canal
- From Arunachal Pradesh to Gujarat there is a time lag of:
(a) 30 minutes
(b) 2 hours
(c) 4 hours
(d) None of the Above
- What is India’s size with respect to other countries of the world?
(a) Second
(b) Third
(c) Sixth
(d) Seventh
- Which of the following places in India is located on the three seas? (the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal, and the Indian Ocean)
(a) Kochi
(b) Port Blair
(c) Kanyakumari
(d) All of the Above
- Which of the following longitudes is selected as the Standard Meridian for India?
(a) 8°4′N
(b) 82°30′E
(c) 97°25′E
(d) 23°30′N
- Tropic of Cancer passes through which of these states?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Rajasthan
(c) Maharashtra
(d) Odisha
- How many states and Union Territories does India have?
(a) India has 26 States and 7 Union Territories
(b) India has 25 States and 7 Union Territories
(c) India has 28 States and 9 Union Territories
(d) India has 29 States and 7 Union Territories
- India has a land boundary of about:
(a) 7516.6 km
(b) 18,200 km
(c) 15,200 km
(d) None of the Above
- A narrow channel of sea separating two land-masses is called:
(a) Coastline
(b) Strait
(c) Delta
(d) Bay
- India’s total area accounts for what percentage of the geographical area of the world?
(a) 2.4%
(b) 2.6%
(c) 2.8%
(d) 3.2%
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- Which line divides India into approximately two equal parts?
(a) Tropic of Cancer
(b) Equator
(c) Tropic of Capricorn
(d) None of the Above
- Which country among India’s neighbors is the smallest?
(a) Nepal
(b) Sri Lanka
(c) Bhutan
(d) Bangladesh
- The latitudinal extent of India lies between:
(a) 8° 5′ N and 37° 6′ N`
(b) 8° 4′ N and 27° 6′ N
(c) 8° 4′ N and 37° 6′ N
(d) 8° 6′ N and 37° 4′ N
- Which of the following is the oldest route of contact between India and other countries of the world?
(a) Ocean routes
(b) Land routes
(c) Air routes
(d) none of the above
- In which of the following places, would you find the least difference in the duration between day time and night time?
(a) Kanyakumari
(b) Ladakh
(c) Srinagar
(d) None of the Above
- By which geographical feature is India bounded in the north-west, north, and north-east?
(a) Northern Plains
(b) Plateaus
(c) Young Fold Mountain
(d) Desert
- Which geographical feature bounds India’s mainland south of 22°N latitude?
(a) Young Fold Mountain
(b) Plateaus
(c) Desert
(d) Ocean
- The sun rises two hours earlier in Arunachal Pradesh as compared to Gujarat. What time will the watch show in Gujarat if it is 6 am in Arunachal Pradesh?
(a) 4 am
(b) 5 am
(c) 6 am
(d) 7 am
- Which neighboring country would you reach if you sail across the Palk Strait?
(a) Bangladesh
(b) Maldives
(c) Myanmar
(d) Sri Lanka
- Which one of the following straits separates India from Sri Lanka?
(a) Cook Strait
(b) Bass Strait
(c) Palk Strait
(d) Bering Strait
- What are Lesser Himalayas known as?
(a) Himadri
(b) Purvanchal
(c) Shivalik
(d) Himachal
- Which two hills are located in the south-east of Eastern Ghats?
(a) Mizo Hills and Patkai Hills
(b) Shevroy Hills and Javadi Hills
(c) Patkai Hills and Naga Hills
(d) Mizo Hills and Naga Hills
- According to the ‘Theory of Plate Tectonics,’ when some plates come towards each other, which of the following is formed?
(a) Convergent boundary
(b) Divergent boundary
(c) Transform boundary
(d) None of the Above
- The Peninsular Plateau of India is part of which of the following landmass?
(a) Angaraland
(b) Tethys
(c) Gondwanaland
(d) None of the Above
- Which continents of today were part of the Gondwanaland?
(a) Asia and Africa
(b) Europe and Asia
(c) Europe and Africa
(d) Australia and South America
- Which of the following physiographic divisions of India was formed out of accumulations in the Tethys geosyncline?
(a) The Himalayas
(b) The Peninsular Plateau
(c) The Northern Plains
(d) The Coastal Plains
- Which Physiographic divisions have rising hills and wide valleys?
(a) The Himalayan Mountains
(b) The Northern Plains
(c) The Peninsular Plateau
(d) The Coastal Plains
- Which of the following is the highest peak in India?
(a) Mt. Everest
(b) Nanga Parbat
(c) Kanchenjunga
(d) Nandadevi
- In which division of the Himalayas are the famous valleys of Kashmir, Kangra, and Kullu located?
(a) The Himadri
(b) The Himachal
(b) The Shivaliks
(d) Purvanchal
- According to the ‘Theory of Plate Tectonics,’ the earth’s crust is formed of how many major plates?
(a) Three
(b) Five
(c) Seven
(d) Eight
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- A landmass bounded by sea on three sides is referred as
(a) Delta
(b) Peninsula
(c) Island
(d) None of the above
- Which part of the Himalayas is perennially snowbound?
(a) Himadri
(b) Shivaliks
(c) Himachal
(d) None of the Above
- Himadri is also known as?
(a) Lesser Himalaya
(b) Inner Himalaya
(c) Middle Himalaya
(d) None of the Above
- The longitudinal valleys lying between lesser Himalayas and Shivalik are known as:
(a) Valley
(b) Coast
(c) Passes
(d) Duns
- A narrow gap in a mountain range providing access to the other side is:
(a) Duns
(b) Pass
(c) Valley
(d) Strait
- Which of the following ranges are not part of the Himachal?
(a) Pir Panjal
(b) Kamet
(c) Mahabharat
(d) Dhaula Dhar
- Which of the following is the highest peak of the Satpura Range?
(a) Gurushikhar
(b) Dhupgarh
(c) Pachmarhi
(d) Mahendragiri
- Which of the following rivers does not flow into the Arabian Sea?
(a) Tungabhadra
(b) Sabarmati
(c) Mandovi
(d) Narmada
- Tropic of Cancer passes through which of the following group of Indian States:
(a) Gujarat, MP, Chhattisgarh, Manipur
(b) Rajasthan, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Mizoram
(c) UP, MP, Bihar, Jharkhand
(d) Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh
- The land frontier of India is about 15200 KM. Which of the following countries shares the largest border length with India:
(a) Bangladesh
(b) Pakistan
(c) China
(d) Nepal
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- The lacustrine deposits of Kashmir called ‘Karewas’ are known for:
(a) Saffron Cultivation
(b) Terrace farming
(c) Apple Orchards
(d) Jhum Cultivation
- Which of the following Mountain passes forms the ‘tri-junction’ of India, China, and Myanmar?
(a) Nathu La
(b) Jelep La
(c) Bomdi La
(d) Diphu
- Which of the following mountain ranges form a dividing line between the Ganges Plain and the Deccan Plateau?
(a) Aravalli
(b) Vindhya
(c) Satpura
(d) Ajanta
- The famous hill-station ‘Kodaikanal’ lies in:
(a) Nilgiri hills
(b) Palani hills
(c) Cardamom hills
(d) Javadi hills
- The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are submerged parts of a mountain range called:
(a) Arakan Yoma
(b) Pegu Yoma
(c) Aksai Chin
(d) Tien Shan
- Which of the following Indian States/UT has the maximum percentage of mangrove cover in the country?
(a) Gujarat
(b) West Bengal
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Uttarakhand
- In 2011, ONGC discovered India’s first shale gas reserve in which among the following states?
(a) Assam
(b) Gujarat
(c) West Bengal
(d) Maharashtra
- Asia’s largest tulip garden is located in which state?
(a) Jammu & Kashmir
(b) Assam
(c) Sikkim
(d) Uttarakhand
- Barak valley in Assam is famous for which among the following?
(a) Petroleum Production
(b) Tea Cultivation
(c) Bamboo Industry
(d) Cottage Industries
- Tungabhadra multipurpose project is a joint venture of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. Tungabhadra is a tributary river of ___?
(a) Krishna
(b) Cauvery
(c) Godavari
(d) Sabarmati
- Which of the following states is/are not a part of Western Ghats?
(a) Gujarat
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Both b and c
- From which of the following countries India does NOT import Uranium?
(a) Kazakhstan
(b) Namibia
(c) Brazil
(d) Mongolia
- Which among the following was the first Indian product to have got Protected Geographic Indicator?
(a) Indian Rubber
(b) Basmati Rice
(c) Malabar Coffee
(d) Darjeeling tea
- The minimum values of annual receipts of solar radiation occur at
(a) the equator
(b) the tropics
(c) the arctic
(d) None of the above
- The oldest mountains in India are
(a) Aravalis
(b) Vindhyas
(c) Satpuras
(d) Nilgiri hills
Physiographical Divisions of India (Notes+MCQ) Free PDF Download
- The watershed between India and Myanmar is formed by
(a) Naga hills
(b) Garo hills
(c) Khasi hills
(d) Jaintia hills
- Which of the following is the source of the great rivers of India?
(a) Sivalik Zone
(b) Himachal Zone
(c) Trans- Himalayan Zone
(d) Dodabetta Zone
- The benefits of the Himalayas are
(a) Source of rivers and protection from cold winds
(b) Causing rainfall
(c) Tourism
(d) All the above
- The Himalayas have also been divided on the basis of regions from west to east. Which among the following is /are correctly matched?
1. Indus-Sutlej- Kashmir/Punjab Himalayas
2. Satluj-Kali– Kumaon Himalaya’s
3.Kali-Kosi-Sikkim Himalayas
4. Teesta-Dihang-Assam Himalayas
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2, 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 ,4
- Consider the following statements about Trans Himalayas:
1. It is created due to the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian plate.
2. It is an Extension of the Tibetan plateau around the Himalayas.
3. The Zaskar, the Ladakh, the Kailas and the Karakoram are the main ranges.
4. Northern most range in Ladakh range.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2,3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2,3,4
- Consider the following statements regarding the Physiography of India:
1. Mainland extends between 8°4’N and 37°6’N latitude and 68°7’E and 97°25’E longitude.
2. North-south extent- 5214 km
3. West-East extent- 3944 km
4. India is the 7th largest country in the world i.e. 2.4% of the total geographic area.
Which of the above statement/s is /are correct
(a) only 1
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 1,2,3,4
- Consider the following statements about Brahmaputra plains.
1. They are also known as the Assam Plains.
2. On the eastern side they are bordered by Purvanchal hills.
3. Ganga Brahmaputra delta, the largest delta in the world, is formed by these plains.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All correct
- Consider the following statements regarding the Peninsular Plateau of India:
1. It is triangular in shape and is part of the youngest landmass
2. The average height of the plateau is 600-900 m above sea level.
3. Most of the peninsular rivers flow west to east indicating its general slope.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1,2,3
- Consider the following statements about Thar desert:
1. The soils of this region are generally regur soil
2. Water is scarce and is found at great depths (30 to 120 m) below the ground level.
3. The Thar Desert is bordered by Aravalli Hills in the Northeast and by plains of the Indus river in the north west
Which of the following statement/s is/are correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3
- Consider the following statements about Island groups in India.
1. The Great Andaman group of islands and the Nicobar group are separated by Ten Degree Channel.
2. Barren Island is the only active volcano in India, situated on Nicobar Island
3. In Lakshadweep Island, Amindivi Islands are the northernmost while the Minicoy island is the southernmost.
Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) only 1
(d) 1, 2, 3
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